Curriculum
- 6 Sections
- 481 Lessons
- 10 Weeks
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- Ancient Indian History114
- 1.11.1 Sources тАУ Archaeology
- 1.21.2 Sources тАУ Literacy
- 1.31.3 Sources тАУ Foreign account
- 1.41.4 Sources тАУ Approaches to the Study of Early Indian History
- 1.51.5 Sources тАУ Ancient Indian Historiography
- 1.61.6 Sources тАУ Land Ownership in Ancient India
- 1.72.1 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Geographical Factors
- 1.82.2 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Paleolithic Period: Hunting and Gathering
- 1.92.3 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Mesolithic Period: Hunting and Gathering
- 1.102.4 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Mesolithic Art: Rock Paintings
- 1.112.5 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Beginning of Agriculture in Neolithic and Chalcolithic
- 1.122.6 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Chalcolithic Pottery as a Source of History
- 1.133.1 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Indus Valley Civilisation: Origin
- 1.143.2 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Indus Valley Civilisation: Date and Extent
- 1.153.3 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Indus Valley Civilization: Characteristics and Significance
- 1.163.4 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Indus Valley Civilization: Art and Crafts
- 1.173.5 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Indus Valley Civilization: Architecture
- 1.183.6 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Subsistence Pattern of Harappan Civilisation
- 1.193.7 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Harappan Religious and Funerary Beliefs
- 1.203.8 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Harappan Trade
- 1.213.9 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Political System of Harappa Civilization
- 1.223.10 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Harappan Script
- 1.233.11 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Seals of Harappan Civilization: Seals and Sealings
- 1.243.12 Indus Valley Civilization тАУ Decline and Survival of Indus Valley Civilisation
- 1.254.1 Megalithic Cultures тАУ Megalithic Culture
- 1.265.1 Aryans and Vedic Period тАУ Expansions of Aryans in India
- 1.275.2 Aryans and Vedic Period тАУ Vedic Period
- 1.285.3 Aryans and Vedic Period тАУ Vedic Literature: Religious and Philosophic Literature
- 1.295.4 Aryans and Vedic Period тАУ Transformation from Rig Vedic Period to Later Vedic Period
- 1.305.5 Aryans and Vedic Period тАУ Later Vedic: Evolution of Monarchy and Varna system
- 1.316.1 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Formation of States (Mahajanapadas): Republic and Monarchies
- 1.326.2 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Rise of Urban Centres; Trade routes; Economic Growth
- 1.336.3 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Introduction of Coinage
- 1.346.4 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Spread of Buddhism
- 1.356.5 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Spread of Jainism
- 1.366.6 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Similarities & Differences between Jainism and Buddhism
- 1.376.7 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Rise of Magadha Empire and Nandas
- 1.386.8 Period of Mahajanapadas тАУ Iranian and Macedonian Invasions and Their Impact
- 1.397.1 Mauryan Empire тАУ Maurya Empire
- 1.407.2 Mauryan Empire тАУ Mauryan Empire: Art, Architecture and Sculpture
- 1.417.3 Mauryan Empire тАУ Disintegration of the Mauryan Empire
- 1.427.4 Mauryan Empire тАУ Sunga Dynasty
- 1.437.5 Mauryan Empire тАУ Kanva Dynasty (75 BCE тАУ 30 BCE)
- 1.448.1 Post-Mauryan Period: Contact with Outside World
- 1.458.2 Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas
- 1.468.3 Post-Mauryan: Growth of Urban Centres, Economy, Coinage
- 1.478.4 Post-Mauryan Period: Development of Religions
- 1.488.5 Post-Mauryan Period: Society (Social Conditions)
- 1.498.6 Post-Mauryan Period: Literature and Science
- 1.508.7 Post-Mauryan Period: Art, Architecture, Culture
- 1.519.1 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Kharavela Dynasty
- 1.529.2 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ The Satavahanas
- 1.539.3 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Cheras, Cholas & Pandyas
- 1.549.4 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Economy of the Sangam Age
- 1.559.5 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Social Development
- 1.569.6 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Literature and Culture
- 1.579.7 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Administration
- 1.589.8 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Economy, Land Grants
- 1.599.9 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Coinage
- 1.609.10 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Trade Guilds and Urban Centres
- 1.619.11 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Buddhist Centres
- 1.629.12 Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India тАУ Sangam Age: Art and Architecture
- 1.6310.1 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas: Gupta Empire
- 1.6410.2 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Polity and Administration of Gupta Empire
- 1.6510.3 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas Society: Caste system, Position of Women
- 1.6610.4 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas: Economic conditions
- 1.6710.5 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Coinage of the Gupta Period
- 1.6810.6 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Land Grants in Gupta period
- 1.6910.7 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas: Decline of Urban Centres
- 1.7010.8 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas: Indian feudalism
- 1.7110.9 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas: Education and Educational Institutions (Nalanda, Vikramshila and Vallabhi)
- 1.7210.10 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Guptas: Literature, Scientific Literature
- 1.7310.11 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Gupta Period: Art and Architecture
- 1.7410.12 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Paintings of Gupta period
- 1.7510.13 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Ajanta Arts
- 1.7610.14 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Vakataka Dynasty
- 1.7710.15 Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas тАУ Vardhana Dynasty: Harshavardhana
- 1.7811.1 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Kadamba Dynasty (345тАУ540 CE)
- 1.7911.2 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Pallava Dynasty
- 1.8011.3 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ The Chalukyas of Badami (Badami Chalukyas)
- 1.8111.4 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Regional States during Gupta Era: Polity and Administration
- 1.8211.5 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Growth of Vaishnava and Saiva religions, Tamil Bhakit Movement
- 1.8311.6 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Shankaracharya and Vedanta
- 1.8411.7 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita
- 1.8511.8 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Palas: Polity and administration
- 1.8611.9 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Rashtrakutas: Polity and administration
- 1.8711.10 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Senas: Polity and administration
- 1.8811.11 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Paramaras: Polity and administration
- 1.8911.12 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Palas: Cultural Aspects
- 1.9011.13 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Rashtrakutas: Cultural Aspects
- 1.9111.14 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Arab Conquest of Sind
- 1.9211.15 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ AlbiruniтАЩs India
- 1.9311.16 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Chalukyas of Kalyani (Western Chalukyas)
- 1.9411.17 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Cholas: Polity and Administration
- 1.9511.18 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Hoysalas : Polity and Administration
- 1.9611.19 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Pandyas: Polity and Administration
- 1.9711.20 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Chola: Local Government
- 1.9811.21 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Chola: Art and Architecture
- 1.9911.22 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Hoyasala: Art and Architecture
- 1.10011.23 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Pandyas: Art and Architecture
- 1.10111.24 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Cholas : Economy, Society, Education and Literature
- 1.10211.25 Regional States during Gupta Era тАУ Pandyas: Economy, Society, Education and Literature
- 1.10312.1 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Themes in Early Indian Cultural History: Languages and Texts
- 1.10412.2 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Major Stages in the evolution of Art and Architecture
- 1.10512.3 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Mathura School of Arts
- 1.10612.4 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Gandhara school of Arts
- 1.10712.5 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Amaravati School of Arts
- 1.10812.6 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Orthodox & Unorthodox Systems of Indian Philosophy
- 1.10912.7 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Six Schools of Indian Philosophy
- 1.11012.8 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Unorthodox Schools: Ajivika and Charvaka School
- 1.11112.9 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Major Philosophical Thinkers and Schools: Tantricism
- 1.11212.10 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Major Philosophical Thinkers and Schools: Shaktism
- 1.11312.11 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Money lending in Ancient India
- 1.11412.12 Themes in Early Indian Cultural History тАУ Slavery in Ancient India
- Medieval Indian History128
- 2.11.1 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Major Political Developments
- 2.21.2 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Origin and the Rise of Rajputs
- 2.31.3 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Cholas: Administration, Village economy and Society
- 2.41.4 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Indian Feudalism in Early Medieval Period
- 2.51.5 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Agrarian Economy in Early Medieval India
- 2.61.6 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Urban Settlements in Early Medieval India
- 2.71.8 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Society in Early Medieval India
- 2.81.7 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Trade and Commerce in Early Medieval India
- 2.91.9 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Condition of Women (Early Medieval India, 750-1200)
- 2.101.10 Early Medieval India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Indian Science and Technology in Early Medieval India
- 2.112.1 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Shnkaracharya and Vedanta; Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita
- 2.122.2 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Shnkaracharya and Vedanta; Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita
- 2.132.3 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Madhvacharya and Brahma Mimansa
- 2.142.5 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Islam and its arrival in India
- 2.152.6 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Sufi Movements
- 2.162.8 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Growth of Tamil Literature
- 2.172.7 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Literature in Sanskrit
- 2.182.9 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Literature in the newly developing Languages
- 2.192.10 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ KalhanтАЩs Rajtarangini
- 2.202.12 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Odisha Temple Architecture (Early Medieval)
- 2.212.11 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ AlbiruniтАЩs India
- 2.222.14 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Khajuraho Temple Architecture (Early Medieval)
- 2.232.13 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Kashmir Temple Architecture (Early Medieval)
- 2.242.4 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Tamil Devotional Cult, Growth of Bhakti, Bhakti Movement
- 2.252.15 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Temple Architecture: Temples in Gujarat and Rajasthan
- 2.262.16 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Temple Architecture in South India
- 2.272.17 Cultural Traditions in India, 750тАР1200 тАУ Painting: Cultural Tradition in india (750- 1200)
- 2.283.1 The Thirteenth Century тАУ Mahmud of Ghazni (Mahmud Ghaznavi)
- 2.293.3 The Thirteenth Century тАУ The Ghurian Invasions тАУ Factors behind Ghurian Success
- 2.303.2 The Thirteenth Century тАУ Muhammad Ghori (Muhammad of Ghor)
- 2.313.4 The Thirteenth Century тАУ Foundation of Delhi Sultanate: Rule of Iltutmish
- 2.323.5 The Thirteenth Century тАУ Foundation of Delhi Sultanate: Rule of Balban
- 2.334.1 The Fourteenth Century тАУ The Khalji Revolution
- 2.344.2 The Fourteenth Century тАУ Alauddin Khalji: Conquests and Territorial expansion, Agrarian and Economic Measures
- 2.354.3 The Fourteenth Century тАУ Muhammad Tughluq: Major Projects, Agrarian measures, Bureaucracy
- 2.364.5 The Fourteenth Century тАУ Shams Siraj AfifтАЩs Account: Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi
- 2.374.4 The Fourteenth Century тАУ Firuz Tughluq: Agrarian Measures, Achievements in Civil Engineering and Public Works, Decline of the Sultanate
- 2.384.6 The Fourteenth Century тАУ Foreign Contact: Ibn BattutaтАЩs accounts
- 2.394.7 The Fourteenth Century тАУ The Mangol threat to India during Sultanate period
- 2.405.1 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Government and Administration under the Delhi Sultanate
- 2.415.2 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Agricultural Production
- 2.425.3 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Rise of Urban Economy and Non-Agricultural Production
- 2.435.4 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Trade and Commerce
- 2.445.5 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Composition of rural society, Ruling classes
- 2.455.6 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Town dwellers, Women, Religious classes, Caste and Slavery
- 2.465.7 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Lekhapaddhati as a Source of History
- 2.475.8 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Sultanate Architecture and New structural forms in 13th & 14th Centuries
- 2.485.9 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Persian Literature, Literature in the regional languages of North India, Literature in the languages of South India
- 2.495.10 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Painting, Music, Evolution of Composite Culture
- 2.505.11 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Amir Khusrau and his Contribution
- 2.515.12 Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries тАУ Educational development during Sultanate Period
- 2.526.1 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Bengal
- 2.536.2 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Gujarat
- 2.546.3 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Malwa
- 2.556.4 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Lodis
- 2.566.5 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Rise of Provincial Dynasties: Kashmir (Zainul Abedin)
- 2.576.6 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Vijayanagara Empire: Politics, State, Society and the Economy
- 2.586.7 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Society in Vijaynagar Empire
- 2.596.8 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Bahmani Kingdom (Bahmanids)
- 2.606.9 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Portuguese Colonial Enterprise
- 2.616.10 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Central Asian Politics and the advance of Babar towards India
- 2.626.11 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Mughal Empire, First Phase: Babur
- 2.636.12 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Mughal Empire, First Phase: Humayun
- 2.646.13 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ The Sur Empire: Sher ShahтАЩs Administration
- 2.656.14 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Tamil Devotional Cult, Growth of Bhakti, Bhakti Movement
- 2.666.15 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАРPolitical Developments and Economy тАУ Sufi Movements
- 2.677.1 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАР Society and culture тАУ Provincial Architecture: Bengal and Jaunpur
- 2.687.2 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАР Society and culture тАУ Provincial Architecture: Gujarat
- 2.697.3 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАР Society and culture тАУ Provincial Architecture: Deccan
- 2.707.4 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАР Society and culture тАУ Malwa Architecture
- 2.717.5 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАР Society and culture тАУ Rana KumbhaтАЩs Cultural Contribution
- 2.727.6 The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth CenturyтАР Society and culture тАУ Architecture, Culture, Literature and Arts in Vijayanagara Empire
- 2.738.1 Akbar тАУ Conquest and Consolidation of Empire
- 2.748.2 Akbar тАУ Rajput Policy of Akbar
- 2.758.3 Akbar тАУ State under Akbar: Establishment of Jagir & Mansab Systems
- 2.768.4 Akbar тАУ Land Revenue System under Akbar
- 2.778.5 Akbar тАУ AkbarтАЩs Religious Views and Social Reforms
- 2.788.6 Akbar тАУ Foreign Policy of Akbar
- 2.799.1 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Mughal Administration
- 2.809.2 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Mughal Land Revenue System
- 2.819.3 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Rajput Policy of Akbar
- 2.829.4 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Rajput Policy of Jahangir
- 2.839.5 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Religious Policies of Jahangir
- 2.849.8 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Religious Policies of Aurangzeb
- 2.859.6 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Religious Policies of Shahjahan
- 2.869.9 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Rajput Policy of Aurangzeb
- 2.879.7 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ War of Succession by ShahjahanтАЩs Sons: Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh
- 2.889.10 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Revolts against Aurangzeb
- 2.899.11 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Nature of Mughal State
- 2.909.12 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Mughal Theory of Sovereignty
- 2.919.13 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Foreign Policy of Mughals in Northwest
- 2.929.14 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Deccan Policy of Mughals
- 2.939.15 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Late Seventeenth-century Crisis and the Revolts
- 2.949.16 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Peasant Revolts of Jats, Satnamis, Sikhs and Marathas
- 2.959.17 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ The Ahom Kingdom
- 2.969.18 Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century тАУ Shivaji and The Early Maratha Kingdom
- 2.9710.1 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Population in Mughal India
- 2.9810.2 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Fiscal and Monetary System, Prices in Mughal India
- 2.9910.3 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Agriculture Production in Mughal India
- 2.10010.4 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Craft Production in Mughal Period (16th and 17th Century)
- 2.10110.5 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Towns
- 2.10210.6 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Commerce with Europe through Dutch, English and French Companies
- 2.10310.7 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Indian Mercantile Classes, Banking, Insurance and Credit Systems in Mughal India
- 2.10410.8 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Condition of Peasants in the 16th and 17th Centuries
- 2.10510.9 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Potentiality of Emergence of Capitalism in Mughal India
- 2.10610.10 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Condition of Women in the 16th and 17th Centuries
- 2.10710.11 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ Evolution of the Sikh Community and the Khalsa Panth
- 2.10810.12 Economy and society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries тАУ BernierтАЩs Account of India
- 2.10911.1 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Persian Histories and other Literature (Mughal India)
- 2.11011.2 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Hindi and Religious Literatures in Mughal India
- 2.11111.3 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Mughal Architecture
- 2.11211.4 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Mughal Painting
- 2.11311.5 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Rajput Painting
- 2.11411.6 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Provincial Architecture: Bijapur
- 2.11511.7 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Provincial Architecture: Kashmir
- 2.11611.8 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Pahari School of Painting
- 2.11711.9 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Provincial Painting: Deccan Painting
- 2.11811.10 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Provincial Painting: Patna Kalam Painting
- 2.11911.11 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Classical Music in Mughal India
- 2.12011.12 Culture during Mughal Empire тАУ Science and Technology in Mughal India
- 2.12112.1 The Eighteenth Century тАУ Factors for the decline of the Mughal Empire
- 2.12212.2 The Eighteenth Century тАУ Regional Principalities: NizamтАЩs Deccan, Bengal, Awadh
- 2.12312.3 The Eighteenth Century тАУ Maratha Ascendancy under the Peshwas
- 2.12412.4 The Eighteenth Century тАУ The Maratha Fiscal and Financial System
- 2.12512.5 The Eighteenth Century тАУ Nature of Political System of Marathas
- 2.12612.6 The Eighteenth Century тАУ Emergence of Afgan Power
- 2.12712.7 The Eighteenth Century тАУ Third Battle of Panipat
- 2.12812.8 The Eighteenth Century тАУ State of Politics, Culture and Economy on the eve of the British Conquest
- Modern Indian History111
- 3.01.1 European Penetration into India тАУ The Early European Settlements: The Portuguese in India
- 3.11.2 European Penetration into India тАУ The Early European Settlements: The Dutch in India
- 3.21.3 European Penetration into India тАУ The Early European Settlements: The English in India
- 3.31.4 European Penetration into India тАУ The Early European Settlements: The French in India
- 3.41.5 European Penetration into India тАУ The Carnatic Wars: First, Second, and Third Carnatic Wars
- 3.51.6 European Penetration into India тАУ Conflict between the English and the Nawabs of Bengal
- 3.62.1 British Expansion in India тАУ British Expansion in India: Bengal
- 3.72.2 British Expansion in India тАУ British Expansion in India: Mysore
- 3.82.3 British Expansion in India тАУ British Expansion in India: The Marathas
- 3.92.4 British Expansion in India тАУ British Expansion in India: The Punjab
- 3.103.1 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The Regulating Act of 1773: From Diarchy to direct control
- 3.113.3 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The PittтАЩs India Act (1784)
- 3.123.4 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ Charter Act of 1793
- 3.133.5 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The Charter Act of 1813
- 3.143.6 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The Charter Act of 1833
- 3.153.7 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The Charter Act of 1853
- 3.163.2 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The Act of Settlement 1781
- 3.173.8 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ The English Utilitarian and India
- 3.183.9 Early Structure of the British Raj тАУ British Paramountcy over the Princely States
- 3.194.1 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Permanent Settlement: Land Revenue Systems in British India
- 3.204.4 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Commercialization of Agriculture during British Rule in India
- 3.214.5 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Rise of landless agrarian labourers
- 3.224.2 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Ryotwari Settlement: Land Revenue System in British India
- 3.234.6 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Impoverishment of the Rural Society under British Rule
- 3.244.9 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Drain of wealth: Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule
- 3.254.3 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Mahalwari Settlement: Land Revenue System in British India
- 3.264.10 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Economic transformation of India
- 3.274.7 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Deindustrialisation & Decline of traditional crafts
- 3.284.11 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Railroad and Communication Network including Telegraph and Postal Services
- 3.294.8 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Rise of Modern Industries in British India
- 3.304.12 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ Famine and Poverty in the Rural interior
- 3.314.13 Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule тАУ European Business Enterprise and its limitations
- 3.325.1 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ The State of indigenous education, its dislocation
- 3.335.2 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ Orientalist-Anglicist Controversy
- 3.345.3 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ The Introduction of Western Education in India
- 3.355.4 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ The Rise of Press, Literature and Public Opinion
- 3.365.5 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ The Rise of Modern Vernacular Literature
- 3.375.6 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ Progress of Science in Colonial India
- 3.385.7 Social and Cultural Developments тАУ Christian missionary activities in India
- 3.396.1 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Raja Ram Mohan Roy (Brahmo Movement) & Devendranath Tagore
- 3.406.2 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
- 3.416.3 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ The Young Bengal Movement
- 3.426.4 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Arya Samaj & Dayanada Saraswati
- 3.436.5 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Theosophical Society
- 3.446.6 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Ramakrishna Movement and Vivekananda
- 3.456.7 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Sikh and Parsi Reform Movements
- 3.466.8 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ The Social reform movements in India including Sati, Widow remarriage, Child marriage
- 3.476.9 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ The Contribution of Indian Renaissance to the growth of Modern India
- 3.486.10 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Islamic revivalism: The Faraizi Movement
- 3.496.11 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Islamic Revivalism: The Wahabi Movement
- 3.506.12 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Islamic Revivalism: The Deoband Movement
- 3.516.13 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Islamic revivalism: Ahmedia Movement
- 3.526.14 Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas тАУ Aligarh Movement
- 3.537.1 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Rangpur Dhing Rebellion (1783)
- 3.547.2 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Kol Rebellion (1832)
- 3.557.3 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Mopla Rebellion of 1921 in Malabar
- 3.567.4 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Santhal Rebellion (1855-56)
- 3.577.5 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Indigo Revolt (1859-60)
- 3.587.6 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Deccan Uprising (Deccan Riots): 1875
- 3.597.7 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan Movement): [1899-1900]
- 3.607.8 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ Pabna Revolt (1873тАУ76) тАУ Pabna Peasant Uprising
- 3.617.9 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ The Great Revolt of 1857
- 3.627.10 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ The Shift in the Character of Peasant Uprisings in the Post-1857 Period
- 3.637.11 Indian Response to British Rule тАУ The Peasant Movements of the 1920s and 1930s
- 3.648.1 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ Factors leading to the birth of Indian Nationalism
- 3.658.2 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ Political Association before Indian National Congress
- 3.668.3 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Foundation of Indian National Congress
- 3.678.4 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ Programme and Objectives of Early Congress
- 3.688.5 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ Safety-valve thesis relating to the birth of Congress
- 3.698.6 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Social Composition of early Congress Leadership
- 3.708.7 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Moderates and Extremists
- 3.718.8 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Partition of Bengal (1905)
- 3.728.9 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal
- 3.738.10 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ Surat Split of INC, 1907
- 3.748.11 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Beginning of Revolutionary Extremism in India
- 3.758.12 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ The Home Rule Movement (1915тАУ1916)
- 3.768.13 Early Indian Nationalism тАУ Lucknow Pact, 1916
- 3.779.1 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Philosophy and Ideas of Mahatma Gandhi
- 3.789.2 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Rise of Gandhi and Early Actvism
- 3.799.3 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Khilafat Movement and Non-Cooperation Movement
- 3.809.4 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ The Swarajists and No Changers
- 3.819.5 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Bardoli Satyagraha, 1928
- 3.829.6 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Simon Commission
- 3.839.7 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ The Nehru Report, Delhi Proposal and JinnahтАЩs Fourteen Demands
- 3.849.8 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ The Civil Disobedience Movement
- 3.859.9 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Round Table Conferences
- 3.869.10 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Communal Award and Poona Pact
- 3.879.11 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Nationalism and the Peasant Movements
- 3.889.12 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Nationalism and Working Class Movements
- 3.899.13 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Praja Mandal Movements in Princely States
- 3.909.14 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Women in Indian Politics (1885-1947)
- 3.919.15 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ The Election of 1937 and formation of Congress Ministries
- 3.929.16 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ August Offer & Individual Satyagraha
- 3.939.17 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Cripps Mission
- 3.949.18 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ Quit India Movement (1942-1944)
- 3.959.19 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ C. R. formula or Rajaji Formula (1944)
- 3.969.20 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ The Wavell Plan and Shimla Conference 1945
- 3.979.21 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ INA Trial and RIN Mutiny
- 3.989.22 Rise of Gandhi; Character of Gandhian nationalism; Gandhian Era тАУ The Cabinet Mission Plan
- 3.9910.1 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ ViceRoyтАЩs Executive Council & Imperial Legislative Council
- 3.10010.2 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ The Government of India Act 1858
- 3.10110.3 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ The Indian Councils Act 1861
- 3.10210.4 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ The Indian Councils Act 1892
- 3.10310.5 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 (Indian Councils Act 1909)
- 3.10410.6 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms & Government of India Act, 1919
- 3.10510.7 Constitutional Developments in the Colonial India between 1858 and 1935 тАУ The Government of India Act 1935
- 3.10611.1 Other strands in the National Movement тАУ The Revolutionaries: Bengal, Punjab, Maharashtra, UP, Madras Presidency, Outside India
- 3.10611.2 Other strands in the National Movement тАУ Transfer of Power & Independence
- 3.10611.3 Other strands in the National Movement тАУ The Left; Left within the Congress: Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, Congress Socialist Party; Communist Party of India, Other Left Parties
- 3.10612.1 Politics of Separatism тАУ Strategy and Ideologies of the Indian National Movement
- 3.10612.2 Politics of Separatism тАУ Politics of Separatism; Communalism and the Politics of Partition
- Post-Independence Indian History14
- 5.11.1 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ NehruтАЩs Foreign Policy
- 5.21.2 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ India and her Neighbours (1947-1964)
- 5.31.3 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ The Linguistic Reorganisation of States
- 5.41.4 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ Regionalism and Regional Inequality
- 5.51.5 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ Integration of Princely States
- 5.61.6 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ Backward Castes in Post-colonial Electoral Politics
- 5.71.7 Consolidation as a Nation тАУ Question of National Language
- 5.82.1 Caste and Ethnicity after 1947- Backward Castes in Post-colonial Electoral Politics
- 5.92.2 Caste and Ethnicity after 1947- Tribes in Post-colonial Electoral Politics
- 5.102.3 Caste and Ethnicity after 1947- Dalit Movements After 1947 (Post Independent India)
- 5.113.1 Economic development and political Change тАУ Land Reforms in Post-Colonial India
- 5.123.2 Economic development and political Change тАУ Politics of Planning and Rural Reconstruction
- 5.133.3 Economic development and political Change тАУ Ecology and Environmental Policy in Post-Colonial India
- 5.143.4 Economic development and political Change тАУ Progress of Science in Post-independent India
- World History89
- 6.01.1 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Enlightenment & Roots of Enlightenment
- 6.11.2 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Major ideas of Enlightenment: Kant
- 6.21.3 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Major ideas of Enlightenment: Rousseau
- 6.31.4 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Enlightened Despotism/ Enlightened Absolutism
- 6.41.5 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Developments and Legacy of Enlightenment
- 6.51.6 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Spread of Enlightenment in the Colonies
- 6.61.7 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Rise of Socialist Ideas upto Marx
- 6.71.8 Enlightenment and Modern ideas тАУ Spread of Marxian Socialism
- 6.82.1 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ Origins of Modern Politics: European State System
- 6.92.2 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ American Revolution
- 6.102.3 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ Causes of the American Revolution
- 6.112.4 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ Effects of the American Revolution
- 6.122.5 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ American Constitution & ItтАЩs Main Features
- 6.132.6 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ The Congress of Vienna 1814тАУ1815
- 6.142.7 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ French Revolution and itтАЩs Causes (1789-1815)
- 6.152.8 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ French Revolution: National Assembly 1789-91
- 6.162.9 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ French Revolution: Legislative Assembly 1791-92
- 6.172.10 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ French Revolution: National Convention (1792-1795)
- 6.182.11 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ Nature of French Revolution
- 6.192.12 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ French Revolution: The Consulate (1799-1804)
- 6.202.13 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ Causes of the Excesses of the French Revolution
- 6.212.14 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ American Civil War and Abolition of Slavery
- 6.222.15 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ Causes of American Civil War
- 6.232.16 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ British Democratic Politics 1815-1850: Parliamentary Reformers
- 6.242.17 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ British Democratic Politics, 1815-1850: Free Traders
- 6.252.18 Origins of Modern Politics тАУ British Democratic Politics 1815-1850: Chartists
- 6.263.1 Industrialization тАУ English Industrial Revolution: Causes and Impact on Society
- 6.273.2 Industrialization тАУ Industrialization in USA
- 6.283.3 Industrialization тАУ Industrialization in Germany
- 6.293.4 Industrialization тАУ Industrialisation in Russia
- 6.303.5 Industrialization тАУ Industrialization in Japan
- 6.313.6 Industrialization тАУ Industrialisation and Globalisation
- 6.324.1 NationтАРState System тАУ Emergence of Nation State System
- 6.334.2 NationтАРState System тАУ Rise of Nationalism in 19th Century (Nation State)
- 6.344.3 NationтАРState System тАУ Eastern Question: Rise and itтАЩs Development
- 6.354.4 NationтАРState System тАУ Eastern Question: Crimean War
- 6.364.5 NationтАРState System тАУ Eastern Question: From Treaty of Paris to Treaty of Berlin
- 6.374.6 NationтАРState System тАУ Nationalism: State-building in Germany
- 6.384.7 NationтАРState System тАУ Nationalism: State-building in Italy
- 6.394.8 NationтАРState System тАУ Unification of Italy
- 6.404.9 NationтАРState System тАУ Comparison between Italian Unification and German Unification
- 6.415.1 Imperialism and Colonialism тАУ Imperialism and Colonialism: South-East Asia
- 6.425.2 Imperialism and Colonialism тАУ Imperialism and Colonialism: Latin America
- 6.435.3 Imperialism and Colonialism тАУ Imperialism and Colonialism: South Africa
- 6.445.4 Imperialism and Colonialism тАУ Imperialism and Colonialism: Australia
- 6.455.5 Imperialism and Colonialism тАУ Imperialism and Free Trade: Rise of Neo-imperialism
- 6.465.6 Imperialism and Colonialism тАУ Imperialism and Colonialism: The Great Game
- 6.476.1 Revolution and CounterтАРRevolution тАУ 19th Century European revolutions
- 6.486.2 Revolution and CounterтАРRevolution тАУ The Russian Revolution of 1917-21
- 6.496.3 Revolution and CounterтАРRevolution тАУ Nazi Counter-Revolution: Germany
- 6.506.4 Revolution and CounterтАРRevolution тАУ Fascist Counter-Revolution: Italy
- 6.516.5 Revolution and CounterтАРRevolution тАУ Chinese Revolution
- 6.527.1 World Wars тАУ World War I: The world in 1914
- 6.537.2 World Wars тАУ World War I: Events Leading To the Outbreak Of War
- 6.547.3 World Wars тАУ World War I: Causes Of the World War I
- 6.557.4 World Wars тАУ World War I: Events And Character of the World War I
- 6.567.5 World Wars тАУ World War I: Impact of the World War I
- 6.577.6 World Wars тАУ Paris Peace Conference and the Treaty of Versailles
- 6.587.7 World Wars тАУ World War I: League of Nations
- 6.597.8 World Wars тАУ International Relations Between Two World Wars
- 6.607.9 World Wars тАУ Interwar Period: MussoliniтАЩs Foreign Policy
- 6.617.10 World Wars тАУ Interwar Period: HitlerтАЩs foreign Policy
- 6.627.11 World Wars тАУ Interwar Period: The Policy of Appeasement
- 6.637.12 World Wars тАУ Munich Agreement to Outbreak of the World War II
- 6.647.13 World Wars тАУ World War II
- 6.658.1 The World after World War II тАУ Emergence of Two Power Blocs (World after World War II)
- 6.668.2 The World after World War II тАУ Emergence of two Power Blocs: Beginnings of the Cold War
- 6.678.3 The World after World War II тАУ Emergence of two Power Blocs: Thaw and Escalation
- 6.688.4 The World after World War II тАУ Emergence of two Power Blocs: Confrontation through d├йtente
- 6.698.5 The World after World War II тАУ Emergence of Third World and Non-alignment
- 6.708.6 The World after World War II тАУ UNO and the Global disputes
- 6.718.7 The World after World War II тАУ Conflict in Middle East
- 6.729.1 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Liberation from Colonial Rule: Latin America
- 6.739.2 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Liberation from Colonial Rule: Arab World-Egypt
- 6.749.3 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Liberation from Colonial Rule: South Africa
- 6.759.4 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Decolonisation of Africa
- 6.769.5 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Decolonization of Algeria
- 6.779.6 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Colonisation and Decolonisation: Vietnam
- 6.789.7 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Colonisation and Decolonisation: Indonesia
- 6.799.8 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Colonisation and Decolonisation: Malaya
- 6.809.9 Liberation from Colonial Rule тАУ Colonisation and Decolonisation of South-East Asia
- 6.8110.1 Decolonization and Underdevelopment тАУ
- 6.8210.2 Decolonization and Underdevelopment тАУ
- 6.8311.1 Unification of Europe тАУ
- 6.8411.2 Unification of Europe тАУ
- 6.8512.1 Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World тАУ
- 6.8512.2 Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World тАУ
- 6.8512.3 Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World тАУ
- 6.8512.4 Disintegration of Soviet Union and the Rise of the Unipolar World тАУ
- History Optional Mapping25
- 7.11 Palaeolithic Sites in India
- 7.22 Mesolithic Sites in India
- 7.33 Neolithic Sites in India
- 7.44 Early Harappan Sites
- 7.55 Harappan Sites
- 7.66 Late Harappan Sites
- 7.77 Chalcolithic Sites in India
- 7.88 Megalithic Sites In India
- 7.99 Painted Grey Ware Sites in India
- 7.1010 Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) Sites
- 7.1111 Ancient Ports of India
- 7.1212 Ancient Cave Sites in India
- 7.1313 Ancient Education Centres of India
- 7.1414 Temple Sites in India
- 7.1515 Buddhist Sites in India
- 7.1616 Ancient Jain Sites
- 7.1717 Ancient Capital Cities of India
- 7.1818 Famous Inscription Sites in India
- 7.1919 Edicts of Ashoka
- 7.2020 AshokaтАЩs Inscriptions for Famine Relief
- 7.2121 Ancient Mosque Sites
- 7.2222 Ancient Church Sites in india
- 7.2323 World Heritage Ancient Sites
- 7.2424 Petroglyph Sites in India
- 7.2525 Hominid Fossil Sites
2.4 PreтАРhistory and ProtoтАРhistory тАУ Mesolithic Art: Rock Paintings
- рд╕реБрджреВрд░ рдкреВрд░реНрд╡реА рдЬреЗрд╡реНрд╣рд╛ рдХрд╛рдЧрдж рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рднрд╛рд╖рд╛ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд┐рдд рд╢рдмреНрдж рдирд╡реНрд╣рддрд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдореНрд╣рдгреВрди рдкреБрд╕реНрддрдХреЗ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд┐рдд рджрд╕реНрддрдРрд╡рдЬ рдирд╡реНрд╣рддреЗ, рддреЗрд╡реНрд╣рд╛ рддреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд╛рд│реА рд▓реЛрдХ рдХрд╕реЗ рд░рд╛рд╣рдд рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реЗ рдЬреБрдиреА рдЕрд╡рдЬрд╛рд░реЗ, рдорд╛рддреАрдЪреА рднрд╛рдВрдбреА, рдЕрдзрд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕, рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЪреАрди рдорд╛рдирд╡ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреА рд╣рд╛рдбреЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЧреБрд╣реЗрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рднрд┐рдВрддреАрдВрд╡рд░реАрд▓ рд░реЗрдЦрд╛рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрджреНрд╡рд╛рд░реЗ рддрдпрд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рдК рд╢рдХрддреЗ.
- рдордзреНрдп рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢, рдЙрддреНрддрд░ рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢, рдЖрдВрдзреНрд░ рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢, рдХрд░реНрдирд╛рдЯрдХ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдмрд┐рд╣рд╛рд░рдордзреАрд▓ рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рдЬрд┐рд▓реНрд╣реНрдпрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рдЕрд╕рд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рд▓реЗрдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рднрд┐рдВрддреАрдВрд╡рд░ рджрдЧрдбреА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдЕрд╡рд╢реЗрд╖ рд╕рд╛рдкрдбрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рд▓рдЦреБрдбрд┐рдпрд╛рд░рдкреНрд░рдорд╛рдгреЗ рдЙрддреНрддрд░рд╛рдЦрдВрдбрдордзреАрд▓ рдХреБрдорд╛рдКрдВ рдЯреЗрдХрдбреНрдпрд╛рдВрд╡рд░реВрди рд╣реА рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрдврд│реВрди рдЖрд▓реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЧреИрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рд┐рдХ рджрдЧрдбреА рдЧреБрд╣рд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрдкрд▓реНрдпрд╛рд▓рд╛ рд╕реБрд░реБрд╡рд╛рддреАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдорд╛рдирд╡рд╛рдВрдмрджреНрджрд▓, рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреА рдЬреАрд╡рдирд╢реИрд▓реА, рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЦрд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдкрд┐рдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╕рд╡рдпреА, рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджреИрдирдВрджрд┐рди рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдХрд▓рд╛рдкрд╛рдВрдмрджреНрджрд▓ рд╕рдордЬреВрди рдШреЗрдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕ рдорджрдд рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд рдЖрдгрд┐ рдореБрдЦреНрдп рдореНрд╣рдгрдЬреЗ, рддреЗ рдЖрдкрд▓реНрдпрд╛рд▓рд╛ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдорди – рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдиреА рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрджреНрдзрддреАрд╕рдордЬреВрди рдШреЗрдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕ рдорджрдд рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд.
- рдЕрдиреНрди, рдкрд╛рдгреА, рд╡рд╕реНрддреНрд░, рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдпрд╛ рдореВрд▓рднреВрдд рдЧрд░рдЬрд╛ рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдЭрд╛рд▓реНрдпрд╛рд╡рд░ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдЖрдкрд▓реА рд╕рд░реНрдЬрдирд╢реАрд▓ рдЗрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрдд рдХрд░рдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреА рдЧрд░рдЬ рднрд╛рд╕реВ рд▓рд╛рдЧрд▓реА.
- рдЖрдкрд▓реА рдШрд░реЗ рд╕рдЬрд╡рд┐рдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдд рдПрдЦрд╛рджреА рдЧреЛрд╖реНрдЯ рд╕рд╛рдВрдЧрдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЖрдкрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рджреИрдирдВрджрд┐рди рдЬреАрд╡рдирд╛рдЪреА рджреГрд╢реНрдп рдиреЛрдВрдж рдареЗрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рдПрдЦрд╛рджреА рдЧреЛрд╖реНрдЯ рд╕рд╛рдВрдЧрдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдиреА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдХрд╛рдврд▓реА рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реАрдд рдЖрдгрд┐ рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рд▓реА рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реАрдд.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рджреГрд╢реНрдпреЗ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдпреБрд╖реНрдпрд╛рддреАрд▓ рдЕрд╡рд┐рд╕реНрдорд░рдгреАрдп рдШрдЯрдирд╛рдВрдЪреА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдХрдерд╛ рдЕрд╕реВ рд╢рдХрддрд╛рдд. рдЖрджрд┐рдо рдХрд▓рд╛рд╡рдВрддрд╛рдВрдирд╛┬ардХрдерд╛рдХрдердирд╛рдЪреА рдЖрдВрддрд░рд┐рдХ рдЖрд╡рдб┬ардЕрд╕рд▓реНрдпрд╛рдЪреЗ рджрд┐рд╕рддреЗ.
- рдЗрддрд░ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдкреНрд░рдЬрдирдирдХреНрд╖рдорддреЗрд╢реА рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзрд┐рдд рдХрд░реНрдордХрд╛рдВрдбрд╛рдВрд╢реА рд╕рдВрдмрдВрдзрд┐рдд рдЕрд╕реВ рд╢рдХрддрд╛рдд.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдорд╛рдгрд╕рд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрд╡реНрдпрддрд┐рд░рд┐рдХреНрдд рдЖрдгрдЦреА рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЧреВрдв рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдЬрд╛рд╡рд░рд╛ (рдордзреНрдпрдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢) рдпреЗрдереАрд▓ рдПрдХрд╛ рдЦрдбрдХрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛рдд рдПрдХ рдЕрддрд┐рд╢рдп рдордиреЛрд░рдВрдЬрдХ, рдХрд┐рдВрдмрд╣реБрдирд╛ рдЕрдореВрд░реНрдд рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░ рд╕рд╛рдкрдбрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗ. рдХрджрд╛рдЪрд┐рдд рддреНрдпрд╛рддреВрди рд╣рд╡рд╛, рдкреГрдереНрд╡реА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЕрдЧреНрдиреА рдпрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рд╕рдорд╛рд╡реЗрд╢ рдЕрд╕рд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЬрдЧрд╛рдЪреЗ рджрд░реНрд╢рди рдШрдбрддреЗ.
- рдордзреНрдп рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢рд╛рддреАрд▓ рд╡рд┐рдВрдзреНрдп рдкрд░реНрд╡рддрд░рд╛рдВрдЧрд╛рдВрддреАрд▓ рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╛рдд рд╢реНрд░реАрдордВрдд рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдЪреА рдиреЛрдВрдж рдЖрд╣реЗ. рдпрд╛ рдкрд░реНрд╡рддрд░рд╛рдВрдЧрд╛ рдкреБрд░рд╛рдкрд╛рд╖рд╛рдг рдЖрдгрд┐ рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдЕрд╡рд╢реЗрд╖рд╛рдВрдиреА рднрд░рд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдпрд╛рдкреИрдХреА рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╛рдд рдореЛрдард╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдиреЗрддреНрд░рджреАрдкрдХ рдЦрдбрдХрдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдордзреНрдп рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢рд╛рддреАрд▓ рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛ рдпреЗрдереАрд▓ рд╡рд┐рдВрдзреНрдп рдбреЛрдВрдЧрд░рд╛рдд рдЖрд╣реЗ. рд░реЙрдХ рдкреЗрдВрдЯрд┐рдВрдЧрдЪреА рд╕реБрд░реБрд╡рд╛рдд рдЕрдкреНрдкрд░ рдкреЕрд▓рд┐рдУрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдХрд╛рд│рд╛рдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рдЭрд╛рд▓реЗрд▓реА рджрд┐рд╕рдд рдЕрд╕рд▓реА рддрд░реА рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╛рдзрд┐рдХ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдХрд╛рд│рд╛рддреАрд▓ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдпрд╛ рдХрд╛рд│рд╛рдд рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рд╛рдВрдЪреА рд╕рдВрдЦреНрдпрд╛ рд╡рд╛рдврддреЗ.
- рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛рдпреЗрдереЗ рд╕реБрдорд╛рд░реЗ рдЖрдард╢реЗ рджрдЧрдбреА рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░реЗ рдЕрд╕реВрди рддреНрдпрд╛рдкреИрдХреА рдкрд╛рдЪрд╢реЗ рд╡рд░ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рддреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд╛рд│рд╛рддреАрд▓ рджреИрдирдВрджрд┐рди рдЬреАрд╡рдирд╛рддреАрд▓ рд╕рд╛рдВрд╕рд╛рд░рд┐рдХ рдШрдЯрдирд╛рдВрдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рддреЗ рдкрд╡рд┐рддреНрд░ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╢рд╛рд╣реА рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдорд╛рдВрдкрд░реНрдпрдВрдд рдпреЗрдереЗ рдЖрдврд│рдгрд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рдЦреВрдк рд╡реИрд╡рд┐рдзреНрдпрдкреВрд░реНрдг рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдпрд╛рдордзреНрдпреЗ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░, рдиреГрддреНрдп, рд╕рдВрдЧреАрдд, рдШреЛрдбреЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╣рддреНрддреАрд╕реНрд╡рд╛рд░, рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреА рд▓рдврд╛рдИ, рдордз рд╕рдВрдХрд▓рди, рд╢рд░реАрд░рд╛рдЪреА рд╕рдЬрд╛рд╡рдЯ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЗрддрд░ рдШрд░рдЧреБрддреА рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рд╕рдорд╛рд╡реЗрд╢ рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рд░рдВрдЧ:
- рдкрд╛рдВрдврд░рд╛, рдкрд┐рд╡рд│рд╛, рдХреЗрд╢рд░реА, рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдЧреЗрд░реВ, рдЬрд╛рдВрднрд│рд╛, рддрдкрдХрд┐рд░реА, рд╣рд┐рд░рд╡рд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдХрд╛рд│рд╛ рдЕрд╢рд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╡рд┐рдз рдЫрдЯрд╛ рдВрд╕рд╣ рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд▓рд╛рдХрд╛рд░рд╛рдВрдиреА рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рд░рдВрдЧрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рд╡рд╛рдкрд░ рдХреЗрд▓рд╛. рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛рдордзреНрдпреЗ рд╕реЛрд│рд╛ рд░рдВрдЧ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЫрдЯрд╛ рдУрд│рдЦрддрд╛ рдпреЗрддрд╛рдд.
- рдкрд╛рдВрдврд░рд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд▓рд╛рд▓ рд╣рд╛ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рдЖрд╡рдбрддрд╛ рд░рдВрдЧ рд╣реЛрддрд╛.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдореЛрдиреЛрдХреНрд░реЛрдо (рдПрдХрд╛ рд░рдВрдЧрд╛рдд) рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд, рддрд░ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдкреЙрд▓реАрдХреНрд░реЛрдо (рдПрдХрд╛рдкреЗрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдЬрд╛рд╕реНрдд рд░рдВрдЧрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ) рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд.
- рд╡рд┐рд╡рд┐рдз рдЦрдбрдХ рд╡ рдЦрдирд┐рдЬреЗ рдкрд┐рд│реВрди рд╣реЗ рд░рдВрдЧ рддрдпрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реЗ рд╣реЛрддреЗ.
- рддреЗ рд╣реЗрдореЕрдЯрд╛рдЗрдЯрдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдЭрд╛рд▓реЗ.
- рд╣рд┐рд░рд╡рд╛ рд░рдВрдЧ рдЪрд╛рд▓реНрд╕реЗрдбреЛрдиреА рдирд╛рд╡рд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджрдЧрдбрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╣рд┐рд░рд╡реНрдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддреАрдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рдЖрд▓рд╛ рд╣реЛрддрд╛.
- рдкрд╛рдВрдврд░рд╛ рд░рдВрдЧ рдЪреБрдирдЦрдбреАрдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рдмрдирд╡рд▓рд╛ рдЧреЗрд▓рд╛ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡рд╛.
- рдЦрдирд┐рдЬрд╛рдЪрд╛ рдЦрдбрдХ рдкреНрд░рдердо рдкрд╛рд╡рдбрд░рдордзреНрдпреЗ рдкрд┐рд│рд▓рд╛ рдЧреЗрд▓рд╛. рд╣реЗ рдирдВрддрд░ рдкрд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдорд┐рд╕рд│рд▓реЗ рдЧреЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЬрд╛рдб рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЪрд┐рдХрдЯ рдкрджрд╛рд░реНрдерд╛рд╕рд╣ рджреЗрдЦреАрд▓ рдорд┐рд╕рд│рд▓реЗ рдЧреЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реЗ.
- рдмреНрд░рд╢рдЪреЗ рд╣рдБрдбрд▓ рдЯрд╣рдиреНрдпрд╛рдВрдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рдмрдирд╡рд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реЗрдд рдЖрдгрд┐ рдмреНрд░рд╢ рдЧрд┐рд▓рд╣рд░реАрд╢реЗрдкрдЯреА, рдЬрдирд╛рд╡рд░рд╛рдВрдЪреА рдлрд░, рд╕реЗрдорд▓ (рд░реЗрд╢реАрдо рдХрд╛рдкреВрд╕) рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд╡рдирд╕реНрдкрддреА рдлрд╛рдпрдмрд░рдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рддрдпрд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд▓рд╛ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡рд╛.
- рд╣реЗ рд░рдВрдЧ рд╣рдЬрд╛рд░реЛ рд╡рд░реНрд╖рд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдХреВрд▓ рд╣рд╡рд╛рдорд╛рдирд╛рдд рдЯрд┐рдХреВрди рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдмрд╣реБрдзрд╛ рдЦрдбрдХрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкреГрд╖реНрдарднрд╛рдЧрд╛рд╡рд░ рдЕрд╕рд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдСрдХреНрд╕рд╛рдИрдбрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд░рд╛рд╕рд╛рдпрдирд┐рдХ рдЕрднрд┐рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпреЗрдореБрд│реЗ рд░рдВрдЧ рд╢рд╛рдмреВрдд рд░рд╛рд╣рд┐рд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реАрдЪреА рджреГрд╢реНрдпреЗ:
- рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реАрдЪреА рджреГрд╢реНрдпреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдореБрдЦреНрдпрд╛рдиреЗ рдЖрдврд│рддрд╛рдд.
- рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рдПрдХрдЯреНрдпрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЧрдЯрд╛рдЧрдЯрд╛рдиреЗ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд, рдХрдзреА рдХрдзреА рдореБрдЦрд╡рдЯреЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдХреЛрдВрдмрдбреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╢рд┐рдВрдЧрд╛рдВрдиреА рдореБрдХреБрдЯ рдШрд╛рддрд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд. рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдиреЗрдХрд▓реЗрд╕, рдмрд╛рдВрдЧрдбреНрдпрд╛, рдордирдЧрдЯрд╛рдЪреЗ рдкрдЯреНрдЯреЗ, рдХреЛрдкрд░рдкрдЯреНрдЯреА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЧреБрдбрдШреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрдЯреНрдЯреНрдпрд╛ рдЕрд╢рд╛ рдЕрд▓рдВрдХрд╛рд░рд╛рдВрдиреА рд╕рдЬрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдирд┐:рд╢рд╕реНрддреНрд░ рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд; рдЗрддрд░ рд▓реЛрдХ рдХрд╛рдареА, рднрд╛рд▓реЗ, рдзрдиреБрд╖реНрдпрдмрд╛рдг рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд╕реНрд▓рд┐рдВрдЧ рдмрд╛рд│рдЧрддрд╛рдд.
- рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛рдВрд╕реЛрдмрдд рдХрдзреА рдХрдзреА рдХреБрддреНрд░реЗрд╣реА рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдкрдХрдбрдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рд╕рд╛рдкрд│реЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдлрдВрджрд╛ рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рд┐рдгрд╛рд░реА рджреГрд╢реНрдпреЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдлреЛрдЯреЛрдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдорд╛рдгрд╕рд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рдкрд╛рдард▓рд╛рдЧ рдХрд░рдд рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рддрд░ рдХрд╛рд╣реАрдард┐рдХрд╛рдгреА рдкреБрд░реБрд╖рд╛рдВрдХрдбреВрди рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рдкрд╛рдард▓рд╛рдЧ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд▓реА рдЬрд╛рдд рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реА рд╕рд╛рдзреЗ рдХрдкрдбреЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рджрд╛рдЧрд┐рдиреЗ рдкрд░рд┐рдзрд╛рди рдХрд░рддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд.
- рдХрдзреА рдкреБрд░реБрд╖рд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдбреЛрдХреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдХрдкрдбреНрдпрд╛рдВрдиреА рд╕рдЬрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ, рддрд░ рдХрдзреА рдореБрдЦрд╡рдЯреНрдпрд╛рдиреЗрд╣реА рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдХрд▓реЗрдЪреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдмрд▓реНрдп :
- рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдХрд▓рд╛рд╡рдВрддрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреА рдЖрд╡рдб рд╣реЛрддреА.
- рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛ рд╡ рдЗрддрд░рддреНрд░ рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдХрд▓реЗрдд рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рд╕реНрд╡рдд:рд╣реВрди рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рднрд╛рдЧ рдореНрд╣рдгреВрди рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдирд┐рдзрд┐рддреНрд╡ рдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдХреГрддреНрдпрд╛ рдЕрдореВрд░реНрдд рдЕрд╕рд▓реНрдпрд╛, рддрд░реА рддреНрдпрд╛рддреАрд▓ рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рдЕрддрд┐рд╢рдп рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡рд╡рд╛рджреА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдЪрд┐рддрд│ (рд╣реЗ рдмрд╣реБрдзрд╛ рдШрдбрддреЗ), рдмрд┐рдмрдЯреНрдпрд╛, рд╡рд╛рдШ, рдкрдБрдерд░, рд╣рддреНрддреА, рдЧреЗрдВрдбрд╛, рдореГрдЧ, рд╣рд░реАрдг рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЧрд┐рд▓рд╣рд░реА рдЕрд╢рд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ реиреп рдкреНрд░рдЬрд╛рддреАрдВрдЪреЗ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдг рдХрд░рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рд╡рд┐рд╡рд┐рдз рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░рдЪреЗ рдкрдХреНрд╖реА, рдорд╛рд╕реЗ, рд╕рд░рдбреЗ, рдмреЗрдбреВрдХ, рдЦреЗрдХрдбреЗ, рд╡рд┐рдВрдЪреВ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд▓рд╣рд╛рди рд╕реЗрдВрдЯреАрдкреАрдбреНрд╕рд╣реА рд╣рдЬреЗрд░реА рд▓рд╛рд╡рддрд╛рдд.
- рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рдпреЗрдереЗ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЗрддрд░рддреНрд░ рд╕рд╛рдкрд╛рдЪреЗ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдг рдХреЗрд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдирд╛рд╣реА.
- рд╡рд┐рд▓рдХреНрд╖рдг рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреАрд╣реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд- рдкреНрд░рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛ ‘рдбреБрдХреНрдХрд░’рд▓рд╛ рдбреБрдХрд░рд╛рдЪреЗ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ, рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖рдд: рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ, рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреА рднреАрддреА рджрд┐рд╕реВрди рдпреЗрддреЗ, рдкрд░рдВрддреБ рдЗрддрд░ рдмрд░реНрдпрд╛рдЪ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛рдмрджреНрджрд▓ рдХреЛрдорд▓рддрд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдкреНрд░реЗрдорд╛рдЪреА рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛ рджрд┐рд╕реВрди рдпреЗрддреЗ.
- рдПрдХрд╛ рд╕реАрдирдордзреНрдпреЗ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рдПрдХ рдЧрдЯ рдмрд╛рдпрд╕рдирдЪреА рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓рд╛ рдЖрд╣реЗ. рдпрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпреЗрдд рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЬрдЦрдореА рдорд╛рдгрд╕реЗ рдЬрдорд┐рдиреАрд╡рд░ рд╡рд┐рдЦреБрд░рд▓реЗрд▓реА рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рджреБрд╕рд░реН рдпрд╛ рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдд рдПрдХ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдореГрддреНрдпреВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╡реЗрджрдиреЗрдд рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓рд╛ рдЖрд╣реЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдорд╛рдгрд╕реЗ рдирд╛рдЪрддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдЕрд╢рд╛ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдореБрд│реЗ рдорд╛рдгрд╕рд╛рд▓рд╛ рдЙрдШрдбреНрдпрд╛рд╡рд░ рднреЗрдЯрдгрд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛┬ардкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрд╡рд░ рд╕рддреНрддреЗрдЪреА рдЬрд╛рдгреАрд╡┬ардЭрд╛рд▓реА рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реА.
- рдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рдЬрдЧрдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд▓рдврд╛рдИрдд рдЧреБрдВрддрд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдордиреБрд╖реНрдп рдЖрдгрд┐ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рджреЛрдШреЗрд╣реА рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдХрдзреАрдХрдзреА рд░реВрдкрд░реЗрд╖реЗрдд рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ; рдЗрддрд░ рдШрдЯрдирд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рдбрд┐рдЭрд╛рдЗрдирдиреЗ рд╕рдЬрд╡рд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рддреЗ.
- рдорд╛рджреА рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЧрд░реНрднрд╛рддреАрд▓ рдЧрд░реНрднрд╛рд╕рд╣ рдЖрддреАрд▓ рдЕрд╡рдпрд╡ рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгрд╛рд░реА рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ┬а‘рдПрдХреНрд╕-рд░реЗ рд╢реИрд▓реАрдд’┬ардЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░реАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрд╡реНрдпрддрд┐рд░рд┐рдХреНрдд, рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рд╢рд╛рдВрдд, рд╕рд╣рд╛рдиреБрднреВрддреАрдкреВрд░реНрдг рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд рдЬрд╕реЗ рдХреА рдЧрд░реЛрджрд░ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА, рдмрдЫрдбреНрдпрд╛рдВрд╕рд╣ рдкрдБрдерд░ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд╡рд╛рдШ, рдлрдгрд╕рд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдорд╛рдЧреЗ рдзрд╛рд╡рдгрд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕реНрдЯреЕрдЧ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЪрд┐рддрд│, рдореНрд╣рд╢реА рдЪрд░рд╡рд┐рдгреЗ, рд╕рд╕реЗ рдЙрдбреНрдпрд╛ рдорд╛рд░рдгреЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдорд╛рдХрдбреЗ рдЙрдбреНрдпрд╛ рдорд╛рд░рдгреЗ. рд╕реАрдиреНрд╕рдордзреНрдпреЗ рдмрд░реАрдЪ рд╣рд╛рд▓рдЪрд╛рд▓ рдкрд╛рд╣рд╛рдпрд▓рд╛ рдорд┐рд│рддреЗ.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдореБрдЦреНрдпрд╛рдиреЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдирд┐рдзрд┐рддреНрд╡ рдХрд░рдгрд╛рд░реА рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдХреЛрд░реАрд╡ рдХрд╛рдореЗрд╣реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдХрд▓рд╛рдкрд╛рдВрд╕рд╣ рдорд╛рдирд╡реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдХрд▓рд╛:
- рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛ рд╡ рдЗрддрд░ рд╕реНрдерд│рд╛рдВрд╡рд░реАрд▓ рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗрд╣реА рд╕реНрддреНрд░реА-рдкреБрд░реБрд╖, рддрд░реБрдг-рд╡реГрджреНрдз рд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдг рдХрд░рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреНрдпрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдиреИрд╕рд░реНрдЧрд┐рдХ рд╢реИрд▓реАрдд рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЧреЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рд▓реЗ рддрд░реА рдорд╛рдгрд╕рд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдг рдХреЗрд╡рд│ рд╢реИрд▓реАрдЧрдд рдкрджреНрдзрддреАрдиреЗрдЪ рдХрд░рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реЗ рд╣реЛрддреЗ.
- рдкреБрд░реБрд╖рд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдХреГрддреНрдпрд╛ рдЕрдиреЗрдХрджрд╛ рдорд╛рдЪрд┐рд╕рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдХрд╛рдареНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рд░рдЦреНрдпрд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд, рд╕реНрддреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдХрдзреАрдХрдзреА рдкреВрд░реНрдг рд░реВрдк рджрд┐рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ.
- рд╕реНрддреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдирдЧреНрди рдЖрдгрд┐ рдХрдкрдбреЗ рдЕрд╢рд╛ рджреЛрдиреНрд╣реА рд░рдВрдЧрд╛рдд рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдкреБрд░реБрд╖ рд▓реЛрдгреАрдЪреЗ рдХрдкрдбреЗ рдШрд╛рд▓рддрд╛рдд, рдмрд╣реБрдзрд╛ рдкрд╛рдиреЗ, рдЬрдирд╛рд╡рд░рд╛рдВрдЪреА рдХрд╛рддрдбреА рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдЭрд╛рдбрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд▓реАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рддреБрдХрдбреНрдпрд╛рдВрдкрд╛рд╕реВрди рдмрдирд╡рд┐рд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд.
- рдкреБрд░реБрд╖ рдХреЗрд╕ рд╕реИрд▓ рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд, рд╕реНрддреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рд╡реЗрдгреА рдШрд╛рд▓рддрд╛рдд.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЖрдХреГрддреНрдпрд╛ рд░реБрдВрдж рдЖрдгрд┐ рднреМрдорд┐рддрд┐рдХ рд░рдЪрдирд╛рдВрдиреА рд╕рдЬрд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЕрд╕рддрд╛рдд рдЖрдгрд┐ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╡реГрддреНрддреАрд╡рд░реВрди┬ардЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░рд╡рд╛рди рдорд╛рдгрд╕рд╛рдВрдЪреЗ┬ардкреНрд░рддрд┐рдирд┐рдзрд┐рддреНрд╡ рдХрд░рддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд.
- рдореБрд▓реЗ рдзрд╛рд╡рддрд╛рдирд╛, рдЙрдбреНрдпрд╛ рдорд╛рд░рддрд╛рдирд╛, рдЦреЗрд│рддрд╛рдирд╛ рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рд▓реА рдЬрд╛рддрд╛рдд.
- рдЭрд╛рдбрд╛рдВрд╡рд░реВрди рдлрд│реЗ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдордз рдЧреЛрд│рд╛ рдХрд░рдгрд╛рд░реН рдпрд╛ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рдВрдЪреА рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╕реНрддреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдВрдиреА рдЕрдиреНрди рдкрд┐рд╕реВрди рддрдпрд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛рдЪреА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдкреБрд░реБрд╖, рд╕реНрддреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдореБрд▓рд╛рдВрдЪреА рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ┬ардПрдХ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░рдЪреЗ рдХреМрдЯреБрдВрдмрд┐рдХ рдЬреАрд╡рди┬арджрд░реНрд╢рд╡рд┐рддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рд▓реИрдВрдЧрд┐рдХ рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдВрдЪреЗ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдг рдХреЗрд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ.
- рд╢реНрд░рдорд╡рд┐рднрд╛рдЧрдгреА :
- рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рд▓рд┐рдВрдЧрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░реЗ рд╢реНрд░рдорд╡рд┐рднрд╛рдЧрдгреА рджрд┐рд╕реВрди рдпреЗрддреЗ.
- рдкреБрд░реБрд╖ рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╕реНрддреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдЕрдиреНрди рдЧреЛрд│рд╛ рдХрд░реВрди рддрдпрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд, рдЙрджрд╛рд╣рд░рдгрд╛рд░реНрде рдХреНрд╡реЗрд░реНрдирд╡рд░ рдЕрдиреНрди рдкрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдирд╛.
- рдЕрдиреНрди рд╕рд╛рдард╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рдЯреЛрдкрд▓реАрд╕рджреГрд╢ рдХрдВрдЯреЗрдирд░ рд╡рд╛рдкрд░рд▓реЗ рдЧреЗрд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реЗрдд, рдкрдг рдорд╛рддреАрдЪреА рднрд╛рдВрдбреА рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рд▓реА рдЬрд╛рдд рдирд╛рд╣реАрдд.
- рдкрд╛рдгреА рдзрд░реВрди рдареЗрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рд╕рд╛рдареА рд╕реБрдХреНрдпрд╛ рд▓реМрдХреА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЪрд╛рдордбреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд┐рд╢рд╡реНрдпрд╛ рд╡рд╛рдкрд░рд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЧреЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдд.
- рдиреГрддреНрдп:
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рджреГрд╢реНрдпрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ рд▓реЛрдХ рдирд╛рдЪрддрд╛рдирд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд. рд╕рд╛рдореБрджрд╛рдпрд┐рдХ рдиреГрддреНрдпреЗ рдПрдХ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рдиреНрдп рдереАрдо рдкреНрд░рджрд╛рди рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд.
- рдирд░реНрддрдХ рд▓рдпрдмрджреНрдз рд╣рд╛рд▓рдЪрд╛рд▓реАрдЪреА рднрд╛рд╡рдирд╛ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрдд рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд; рдЕрдзреВрдирдордзреВрди рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪрд╛ рддреЛрд▓ рдЬрд╛рддреЛ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЦрд╛рд▓реА рдкрдбрддрд╛рдд.
- рдореБрдЦрд╡рдЯреЗ рдШрд╛рддрд▓реЗрд▓реЗ рдирд░реНрддрдХ (рдкреВрд░реНрд╡рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░рд╛рдВрдиреА ‘рдиреГрддреНрдп рдЬрд╛рджреВрдЧрд╛рд░’ рдореНрд╣рдгреВрди рд╕рдВрдмреЛрдзрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗ) рд╡рд┐рдзреА рддрдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдирд┐рдзрд┐рддреНрд╡ рдХрд░реВ рд╢рдХрддрд╛рдд.
- рдбрд╛рдиреНрд╕рд┐рдВрдЧ рдореЛрдбрдордзреНрдпреЗ рд╣рд╛рддрд╛рдиреЗ рдЬреЛрдбрд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдлрд┐рдЧрд░ рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рдгреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЖрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдХрд┐рдВрдмрд╣реБрдирд╛ рд╣рд╛ рд╡рд╛рд░рдВрд╡рд╛рд░ рдпреЗрдгрд╛рд░рд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рд╣рд╛рдд, рдореБрдареА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдмреЛрдЯрд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рдард╕реЗрд╣реА рд╕рд╛рдкрдбрддрд╛рдд, рдЬрд╕реЗ рдЖрдЬрдХрд╛рд▓ рд▓реЛрдХ рд╢реБрднрдкреНрд░рд╕рдВрдЧреА рдЖрдкрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдШрд░реА рдмрдирд╡рддрд╛рдд.
- рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдХрд▓реЗрдЪреЗ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдг :
- рдпреЗрдереАрд▓ рдХрд▓рд╛рд╡рдВрддрд╛рдВрдиреА рджрдЧрдбреА рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рднрд┐рдВрддреА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЫрддрд╛рд╡рд░ рдЖрдкрд▓реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдХрд╛рдврд▓реА.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рд▓реЛрдХ рд░рд╛рд╣рдд рдЕрд╕рд▓реЗрд▓реНрдпрд╛ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░рд╛рдЧреГрд╣рд╛рдВрдордзреВрди рдиреЛрдВрджрд╡рд┐рд▓реА рдЧреЗрд▓реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдкрд░рдВрддреБ рдЗрддрд░ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЕрд╢рд╛ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдгреА рдмрдирд╡рд▓реЗ рдЧреЗрд▓реЗ рдЬреЗ рдЕрдЬрд┐рдмрд╛рдд рд░рд╛рд╣рдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдЧрд╛ рджрд┐рд╕рдд рдирд╛рд╣реАрдд. рдХрджрд╛рдЪрд┐рдд рдпрд╛ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдгрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдзрд╛рд░реНрдорд┐рдХ рдорд╣рддреНрддреНрд╡ рд╣реЛрддреЗ.
- рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЦрдбрдХрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛рд╡рд░ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд░реЙрдХрд╢реЗрд▓реНрдЯрд░рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЫрддрд╛рдЬрд╡рд│ рдЦреВрдк рдЙрдВрдЪ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рдпрд╛ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдгреА рдмрдирд╡рд▓реЗрд▓реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдХрджрд╛рдЪрд┐рдд рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рдВрдирд╛ рджреВрд░рд╡рд░реВрди рд▓рдХреНрд╖рд╛рдд рдпрд╛рд╡реАрдд рдореНрд╣рдгреВрди рд╣реЛрддреА.
- рдЙрдВрдЪ рдкреГрд╖реНрдарднрд╛рдЧрд╛рд╡рд░реАрд▓ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдореЛрдардореЛрдареНрдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдирд╛┬ардордЪрд╛рдг рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЕрдиреЗрдХрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╕рд╣рдХрд╛рд░реНрдпрд╛рдЪреА┬ардЧрд░рдЬ рднрд╛рд╕рд▓реА рдЕрд╕рддреА. рдЕрд╢реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдерд░рд╛рдВрдд рдмрдирд╡рд▓реЗрд▓реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдПрдХ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░рдЪреЗ┬ардХрд░реНрдордХрд╛рдВрдбрд╛рддреНрдордХ рдорд╣рддреНрддреНрд╡┬ард╕реВрдЪрд┐рдд рдХрд░рддрд╛рдд.
- рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдХрд▓реЗрдЪрд╛ рдерд░:
- рдЕрдиреЗрдХ рд░реЙрдХ-рдЖрд░реНрдЯ рд╕рд╛рдЗрдЯреНрд╕рд╡рд░ рдЬреБрдиреНрдпрд╛ рдкреЗрдВрдЯрд┐рдВрдЧрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╡рд░ рдирд╡реАрди рдкреЗрдВрдЯрд┐рдВрдЧ рд░рдВрдЧрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ. рднреАрдордмреЗрдЯрдХрд╛ рдпреЗрдереЗ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдард┐рдХрд╛рдгреА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рддрдмреНрдмрд▓ реиреж рдерд░ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд, рддреНрдпрд╛рддреАрд▓ рдПрдХрд╛рд╡рд░ рдПрдХ рдерд░ рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рдХрджрд╛рдЪрд┐рдд рдХрд▓рд╛рд╡рдВрддрд╛рд▓рд╛ рдЖрдкрд▓реА рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд┐рддреА рдЖрд╡рдбрд▓реА рдирд╛рд╣реА рдореНрд╣рдгреВрди рддреНрдпрд╛рдиреЗ рдЖрдзреАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рд╡рд░ рджреБрд╕рд░реЗ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░ рд░реЗрдЦрд╛рдЯрд▓реЗ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдХрд╛рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рд╡ рдард┐рдХрд╛рдгреЗ рдкрд╡рд┐рддреНрд░ рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖ рдорд╛рдирд▓реА рдЧреЗрд▓реА рдХрд┐рдВрд╡рд╛ рдпрд╛рдЪреЗ рдХрд╛рд░рдг рд╣реЗ рдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░ рд╡реЗрдЧрд╡реЗрдЧрд│реНрдпрд╛ рдХрд╛рд│рд╛рддреАрд▓ рд▓реЛрдХрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рд╡реЗрдЧрд╡реЗрдЧрд│реНрдпрд╛ рдкрд┐рдвреНрдпрд╛рдВрдиреА рд╡рд╛рдкрд░рд▓реЗ рдЕрд╕рд╛рд╡реЗ.
- рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдордп рдЧреБрдгрд╡рддреНрддрд╛ :
- рд╣реА рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЬрд░реА рджреБрд░реНрдЧрдо рднреВрддрдХрд╛рд│рд╛рддреАрд▓ рдЕрд╕рд▓реА рддрд░реА рддреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рд╛рддреНрдордХ рдЧреБрдгрд╡рддреНрддреЗрдЪрд╛ рдЕрднрд╛рд╡ рдирд╛рд╣реА.
- рдХрд╛рдорд╛рдЪреА рддреАрд╡реНрд░ рдкрд░рд┐рд╕реНрдерд┐рддреА, рдЕрдкреБрд░реА рд╕рд╛рдзрдиреЗ, рд╕рд╛рд╣рд┐рддреНрдп рдЕрд╢рд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╡рд┐рдз рдорд░реНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рдЕрд╕реВрдирд╣реА рдХрд▓рд╛рд╡рдВрдд рдЬреНрдпрд╛ рд╡рд╛рддрд╛рд╡рд░рдгрд╛рдд рд░рд╛рд╣рдд рд╣реЛрддреЗ, рддреНрдпрд╛ рд╡рд╛рддрд╛рд╡рд░рдгрд╛рдЪреА рджреГрд╢реНрдпреЗ рд╕реЛрдкреНрдпрд╛ рдкрджреНрдзрддреАрдиреЗ рдорд╛рдВрдбрдгреНрдпрд╛рдЪреЗ рдЖрдХрд░реНрд╖рдг рдЖрд╣реЗ.
- рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛рдд рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рд▓реЗрд▓реА рдорд╛рдгрд╕реЗ рддреНрдпрд╛рдВрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдЖрдпреБрд╖реНрдпрд╛рдд рд╕рд╛рд╣рд╕реА рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЖрдирдВрджреА рджрд┐рд╕рддрд╛рдд. рд╣реЗ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рдХрджрд╛рдЪрд┐рдд рдкреНрд░рддреНрдпрдХреНрд╖рд╛рдд рд╣реЛрддреЗ рддреНрдпрд╛рдкреЗрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рддрд░реБрдг рдЖрдгрд┐ рдкреНрд░рддрд╛рдкреА рджрд╛рдЦрд╡рд▓реЗ рдЧреЗрд▓реЗ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.
- рдУрд░рд┐рд╕рд╛рдЪреА рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рд░реЙрдХ рдЖрд░реНрдЯ:
- рдУрд░рд┐рд╕рд╛рдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд╢реН рдЪрд┐рдо рдЬрд┐рд▓реНрд╣реНрдпрд╛рдВрдордзреНрдпреЗ, рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖рдд: рд╕реБрдВрджрд░рдЧрдб рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╕рдВрдмрд▓рдкреВрд░ рдЬрд┐рд▓реНрд╣реНрдпрд╛рдВрдд рд░реЙрдХ рдЖрд░реНрдЯрд╕рд╣ рдореЗрд╕реЛрд▓рд┐рдерд┐рдХ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдХреЗрдВрджреНрд░реЗ рдУрд│рдЦрд▓реА рдЧреЗрд▓реА рдЖрд╣реЗрдд. рд░реЙрдХ рдкреЗрдВрдЯрд┐рдВрдЧрд╕рд╛рдареА рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╛рдд рд╢реНрд░реАрдордВрдд рдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░ рдореНрд╣рдгрдЬреЗ рд▓реЗрдЦрд╛рдореЛрдбрд╛ рд╕рдореВрд╣рд╛рдЪреЗ резреи рд░реЙрдХ рд╢реЗрд▓реНрдЯрд░.
- рдУрд░рд┐рд╕рд╛рддреАрд▓ рд░реЙрдХ рдЖрд░реНрдЯрдЪреЗ рдПрдХ рдордиреЛрд░рдВрдЬрдХ рд╡реИрд╢рд┐рд╖реНрдЯреНрдп рдореНрд╣рдгрдЬреЗ рдПрдХрд╛рдЪ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд▒реНрдпрд╛рдд рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░реЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдХреЛрд░реАрд╡ рдХрд╛рдорд╛рдВрдЪреЗ рд╕рд╣рдЕрд╕реНрддрд┐рддреНрд╡.
- рддрд╕реЗрдЪ, рд╣реА рдХрд▓рд╛ рдмрд╣реБрдзрд╛ рдЕрд▓рдВрдХрд╛рд░рд┐рдХ рдирд╕рддреЗ, рдЬреНрдпрд╛рдд рдЕрдореВрд░реНрдд рдирдореБрдиреЗ рдЖрдгрд┐ рд╕рдЬрд╛рд╡рдЯреАрдЪреНрдпрд╛ рдбрд┐рдЭрд╛рдЗрдирд╡рд░ рднрд░ рджрд┐рд▓рд╛ рдЬрд╛рддреЛ, рднреМрдорд┐рддрд┐рдХ рдЖрдгрд┐ рдЕ-рднреМрдорд┐рддрд┐рдХ рджреЛрдиреНрд╣реА.
- рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгреА рд╡рд╛рд░рдВрд╡рд╛рд░ рдЖрдврд│рддрд╛рдд рдЖрдгрд┐ рдорд╛рдгрд╕реЗ рддреНрдпрд╛рд╣реВрдирд╣реА рджреБрд░реНрдорд┐рд│ рдЖрд╣реЗрдд.




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